Ice PadTM 
Ice PadTM vs. convention
| PRODUCT |
|---|
 IP65 |
 Grease |
 PCM |
 Gap pads |
 Graphite |
| THERMAL RESISTANCE (ASTM D5470) |
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY |
HEAT SPREADING |
USE ORIENTATION |
BONDLINE THICKNESS |
RELIABILITY/ DEGRADATION |
COMPRESSION SET (ASTM D395) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.08 – 0.14 cm²K/W | 12 W/mK | 200 W/mK | Any | Select from as thin as grease to as thick as gap pads |
Consistent performance. Robust in the harshest environments. Performance may increase as aligned Carbice Nanotubes settle and further lower resistance. |
Negligible. Carbice Nanotube hair maintains rebound capability over time & cycling. |
| 0.08 – 0.15 cm²K/W | 3 – 6 W/mK | Negligible | Horizontal only | Thin |
Performance decreases. Grease dries and pumps out. |
100% compression set. No rebound. |
| 0.06 – 0.15 cm²K/W | 5 – 8 W/mK | Negligible | Horizontal only | Thin to medium |
Performance decreases. Develops air voids and/or pumps out. |
100% compression set. No rebound. |
| 0.35 – 5.0 cm²K/W | 5 – 50 W/mK | Negligible | Any | Thick |
Performance may decrease. Can de-wet under cycling due to compression set. Loses structural integrity under high pressure (eg bolts). |
Low to moderate. Hard pads: 1 – 5%. Soft pads compress more but can set up to 40%. |
| 0.20 – 0.50 cm²K/W | 5 – 10 W/mK | 120 – 1800 W/mK | Any | Medium |
Consistent performance. Unless the stiff film tears/breaks under (eg different expansion rates) |
Low to moderate. 3 – 15%. |
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Ice Pad™ provides better long-term cooling than other TIMs
Electronic devices experience an increasing number of heat management challenges:
- Smaller and more powerful electronics lead to thermal expansion mismatch
- Thermal expansion mismatch causes electronic malfunction and shortens lifespan
- Conventional TIMs fail to dissipate heat over time due to dry-out, pump-out, and formation of air voids
- Electronics de-rate, degrade, and are disposed as e-waste after a short time
High-Performance Grease C-SAM Analysis
Grease was applied only at the center of the interface (within the dotted circle).
Takeaway:
After only ~50 cycles, the grease has completely dried out.
High-Performance PCM C-SAM Analysis
PCM was applied over the entire interface.
Takeaway:
Air voids migrate around interface with PCM.
Carbice Ice Pad C-SAM Analysis
Ice Pad IP150 was applied over the entire interface.
Takeaway:
Ice Pad cause no interface degradation throughout the 2000 test cycles.
Coupon thermal resistance change due to thermal cycling
Thermal cycling performed from -55 °C to 110 °C for 2000 cycles, according to modified JEDEC standard JESD22-A104F condition L. Thermal conductance measured using ASTM D5470 standard testing method.
Thermal interface quality degrades with increasing cycles for conventional TIMs:
- After 2000 cycles the thermal resistance of grease is 2.6 times that of Ice Pad
- After 2000 cycles the thermal resistance of PCM is 1.4 times that of Ice Pad
Using Ice Pad, customers are able to:
- Remove heat effectively and reliably over time
- Expect less de-rating of electronics over time
- Build higher performance electronics that last longer
- Generate less e-waste and be more sustainable
Ice Pad enables better cooling for GPU
The challenge of GPU heat management
GPUs are incorporated by data centers to handle increasingly intensive workloads:
- They are affected by large thermal variances during operation
- Heat buildup reduces GPU’s performance, stability and lifespan
- Reliability of data centers will be compromised
Meet Ice Pad
Ice Pad provides high thermal conductivity of a solid TIM and low thermal resistance of a liquid TIM, with reliable long-term performances and high volume manufacturability. For this study, we used IP90 with 2-sided assembly tack.
Carbice Ice Pad demonstrated immediate better cooling and long-term gains to GPU performance compared to POR Grease:
- 2℃ cooler upon initial installation
- > 6℃ cooler after extended use
Over time, grease pumps-out and develops dry-cracks, causing its thermal resistance to double after extended use. On the contrary, Carbice Ice Pad wets the interface even better with time and cycling.
Takeaway:
Ice Pad provides better lifetime cooling performance than grease.
Using Carbice Ice Pad, customers are able to:
- Lower GPU temperature
- Boost GPU performance
- Extend GPU lifespan
- Increase data center reliability